Science Update! Math Test

This week we finished up our chapter on the water cycle and started a new chapter on the atmosphere. I am including the notes we covered in class. This will be a quick chapter, and then we are on to the solar system.

As for math, we are having a test on Tuesday. Be sure to study!

Science notes:

Chapter 13 Notes

Section 1: The Air Around You

I. Importance of the Atmosphere
A. Weather- the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place
B. Atmosphere- layer of gases that surrounds the planet
1. Makes conditions on Earth suitable for living things
2. Contains oxygen and other gases
3. Traps energy from the sun to keep Earth warm
4. Protects from sun’s radiation
5. Prevents Earth from being hit by meteoroids
II. Composition of the Atmosphere
A. Nitrogen
B. Oxygen
1. Organisms use oxygen from the air
2. Ozone- form of oxygen that has 3 oxygen atoms in each molecule
C. Carbon dioxide
1. Plants must have CO2
2. Burned fuels give off CO2
D. Water vapor
1. Water in the form of a gas
2. Clouds form when water vapor condenses
E. Other gases
F. Particles of liquids and solids
1. Dust
2. Smoke
3. Salt
4. Other chemicals

Section 2: Air Quality

I. Air Pollution
A. Pollutants- harmful substances in the air, water, or soil
B. Most pollution is the result of burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, gasoline, and diesel
II. Particles
A. Natural Sources
1. Water vapor
2. Salt
3. Mold and pollen
4. Dust, soot
5. Dust & ashes
B. Human Activities
1. Burning fuels releases soot
2. Soil particles
III. Smog
A. Particles in coal smoke combine with water droplets in air
B. Photochemical smog- The nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and other air pollutants then react with one another in the presence of sunlight to form a mix of ozone and other chemicals
IV. Temperature Inversion
A. A layer of warm air prevents the rising air from escaping
B. Polluted air is trapped
C. Smog becomes more concentrated
V. Acid Rain
A. Forms when nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides combine with water in the air to form nitric acid and sulfuric acid
B. Acid rain- rain that contains more acid than normal
VI. Improving Air quality
A. Filters on factories
B. Pollution control devices on cars

Have a great weekend!